Budapest University of Technology and Economics
Department of Environmental Economics
The research paper emphasizes the importance of export from the aspect of economic development. In the first part, the theoretical background of the regional development connected to export-led growth is introduced. As a bridge between... more
The research paper emphasizes the importance of export from the aspect of economic
development. In the first part, the theoretical background of the regional development
connected to export-led growth is introduced. As a bridge between the theoretical and
empirical part, the territorial sense of export data and economic spaces is highlighted. In
connection to the research, actual domestic research examining spatial differences and
inequalities in Hungary is presented. The reviewed researches (Dusek–Lukács–Rácz
2014, Nemes Nagy–Tagai 2011, Obádovics 2013, Pénzes 2012) concur on the main
territorial features in Hungary: territorial hegemony of the capital, increasing differences
between the capital and rural areas, emergence of the ‘West–East decline’, and varied
development patterns of micro-regions and settlements. Dusek–Lukács–Rácz (2014)
describe the regional disparities in the country on NUTS-2 level, pointing out that Central
Hungary is the most advanced region of Hungary, followed by Western Transdanubia
and Central Transdanubia, and with significant lag, Southern Transdanubia, Southern
Great Plain, Northern Great Plain and Northern Hungary trail the list. In the primary
research, the aim is to explore the conditions of export-led growth in Hungary, and
through an examination of the spatial distribution of the 500 companies with the best
sales performance (TOP 500 list) an attempt is made to demonstrate the reasons for
regional inequalities in Hungary. The other scope of the research is to demonstrate the
concentration of different sectors in NUTS-3 level, as well as highlighting their export
orientation. Furthermore research examines associations between different measures. The
pool of data used for carrying out the research is derived from HVG (Heti Világgazdaság
– a dominant economic weekly review in Hungary) about the first 500 companies with
the best sales performance in 2012 (the TOP 500 companies) and from the Hungarian
Central Statistical Office. Our research findings emphasize the importance of export for
regional development (export-led growth), and resembles the secondary research outcomes
about the development of NUTS-2 and NUTS-3 regions.
development. In the first part, the theoretical background of the regional development
connected to export-led growth is introduced. As a bridge between the theoretical and
empirical part, the territorial sense of export data and economic spaces is highlighted. In
connection to the research, actual domestic research examining spatial differences and
inequalities in Hungary is presented. The reviewed researches (Dusek–Lukács–Rácz
2014, Nemes Nagy–Tagai 2011, Obádovics 2013, Pénzes 2012) concur on the main
territorial features in Hungary: territorial hegemony of the capital, increasing differences
between the capital and rural areas, emergence of the ‘West–East decline’, and varied
development patterns of micro-regions and settlements. Dusek–Lukács–Rácz (2014)
describe the regional disparities in the country on NUTS-2 level, pointing out that Central
Hungary is the most advanced region of Hungary, followed by Western Transdanubia
and Central Transdanubia, and with significant lag, Southern Transdanubia, Southern
Great Plain, Northern Great Plain and Northern Hungary trail the list. In the primary
research, the aim is to explore the conditions of export-led growth in Hungary, and
through an examination of the spatial distribution of the 500 companies with the best
sales performance (TOP 500 list) an attempt is made to demonstrate the reasons for
regional inequalities in Hungary. The other scope of the research is to demonstrate the
concentration of different sectors in NUTS-3 level, as well as highlighting their export
orientation. Furthermore research examines associations between different measures. The
pool of data used for carrying out the research is derived from HVG (Heti Világgazdaság
– a dominant economic weekly review in Hungary) about the first 500 companies with
the best sales performance in 2012 (the TOP 500 companies) and from the Hungarian
Central Statistical Office. Our research findings emphasize the importance of export for
regional development (export-led growth), and resembles the secondary research outcomes
about the development of NUTS-2 and NUTS-3 regions.
Pécs and Szeged, two Hungarian Pole cities (refers to F. Perroux’s Growth Pole Theory) in the top-down initiative Hungarian Pole Program are examined in this research. The analysis has carried out that the simulation of multiplier effects... more
Pécs and Szeged, two Hungarian Pole cities (refers to F. Perroux’s Growth Pole Theory) in the top-down initiative Hungarian Pole Program are examined in this research. The analysis has carried out that the simulation of multiplier effects in the regions of the two cities was limited due to the relatively low level of the participation of for-profit enterprises in the examined Programmes limiting the increase of incomes through productive consumption and advancing income level of employees in the cities where Universities are the most influential factor in local economic development.
The aim of this research is to investigate how the spatial distribution of 500 companies with best sales performance has changed since 2014 in Hungary. Thus, the analysis elaborated by Csete–Szabó (2014) is repeated. Subsequent to the... more
The aim of this research is to investigate how the spatial distribution of 500 companies with best sales performance has changed since 2014 in Hungary. Thus, the analysis elaborated by Csete–Szabó (2014) is repeated. Subsequent to the analysis, the change in performance of enterprises on a regional level is linked to economic polarisation: the sharply widening inequality of income and wealth. In order to provide a broader view on the Hungarian economy, the article evaluates the effect of the allocation of development funds for the 2007–2013 programming period as the development funds have a dominant role forming the income generation patterns of the country. The primary research consists of analysis on the change in the number and total (gross) sales value of the TOP 500 companies (companies with the best sales performance in a specific reference year) on NUTS 2 and NUTS 3 levels (NUTS stands for the Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics of the European Commission/Eurostat). Moreo-ver, it demonstrates the sectoral diversity of regions and interprets the concrete enterprise rank-ing in the case of the first quarter, reflecting the five most dominant regions that have the largest share of the total (gross) sales value among the TOP 500 companies. Finally, the relation of change in gross value added (GVA)/capita and total (gross) sales value of the TOP 500 compa-nies is interpreted. The results of the research indicate that the spatial distribution of the 500 com-panies with best sales performance is in perfect accordance with the generally accepted regional inequalities’ pattern of the country, which is due to the location choice of the export-oriented compa-nies. If we consider the headquarters of the enterprises, 78% from the total sales value of the TOP 500 companies is linked to five NUTS 3 regions, and the importance of the capital is outstanding. The result of the research indicates the importance of agglomeration economies, which is the result of interaction among economies of scale, transporta-tion costs, market size, and information as Paul Krugman (1991) explains in the ‘new economic geography’ theory. The repeated analysis has indi-cated that both the total (gross) sales value of the TOP 500 companies (by 15%) and GVA/capita (by 19.5%) has increased during the period, and the ranking of NUTS 2 regions has not changed. Thus, the change in gross domestic product (GDP)/capita and the total sales value of the TOP 500 companies on NUTS 3 level have common tendencies. Considering the cumulative share of the total (gross) sales value of the TOP 500 on a regional level, the inequalities have marginally decreased, but large differences still exist.
As a Co authour : The first public product of the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is its Conceptual Framework. This conceptual and analytical tool, presented here in detail, will underpin all... more
As a Co authour : The first public product of the Intergovernmental Platform on
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is its Conceptual
Framework. This conceptual and analytical tool, presented
here in detail, will underpin all IPBES functions and provide
structure and comparability to the syntheses that IPBES will
produce at different spatial scales, on different themes, and in
different regions. Salient innovative aspects of the IPBES Conceptual Framework are its transparent and participatory
construction process and its explicit consideration of diverse
scientific disciplines, stakeholders, and knowledge systems,
including indigenous and local knowledge. Because the focus
on co-construction of integrative knowledge is shared by an
increasing number of initiatives worldwide, this framework
should be useful beyond IPBES, for the wider research and knowledge-policy communities working on the links between
nature and people, such as natural, social and engineering
scientists, policy-makers at different levels, and decisionmakers
in different sectors of society.
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is its Conceptual
Framework. This conceptual and analytical tool, presented
here in detail, will underpin all IPBES functions and provide
structure and comparability to the syntheses that IPBES will
produce at different spatial scales, on different themes, and in
different regions. Salient innovative aspects of the IPBES Conceptual Framework are its transparent and participatory
construction process and its explicit consideration of diverse
scientific disciplines, stakeholders, and knowledge systems,
including indigenous and local knowledge. Because the focus
on co-construction of integrative knowledge is shared by an
increasing number of initiatives worldwide, this framework
should be useful beyond IPBES, for the wider research and knowledge-policy communities working on the links between
nature and people, such as natural, social and engineering
scientists, policy-makers at different levels, and decisionmakers
in different sectors of society.
- by MADHU VERMA and +6
- •
The past years have proved with a series of obvious evidences that preliminary profit evaluation of planned investments and enumeration of their effects to the social level of well-being is impartial unless effects on environment are... more
The past years have proved with a series of obvious evidences that preliminary profit evaluation of planned investments and enumeration of their effects to the social level of well-being is impartial unless effects on environment are acknowledged in the balance. After all, economic activities, having any kinds of positive effects on the society, always use natural resources. It is a
Proceedings
Cities are responsible for more than two thirds of global greenhouse gas emissions, moreover, they consume the majority of resources and account for a great proportion of globally generated waste. Due to the concentration of the... more
Cities are responsible for more than two thirds of global greenhouse gas emissions, moreover, they consume the majority of resources and account for a great proportion of
globally generated waste. Due to the concentration of the population, of economic activities, of consumption and emissions, cities play a crucial role in the abatement of the
negative effects of climate change. Consequently, adaptation and mitigation actions in urban areas are greatly important regarding the decrease of urban vulnerability and
fostering urban climate change resilience. Since approximately 20% of the Hungarian population lives in Budapest, moreover 40% of the Hungarian GDP is generated here, the capital city is the hub of consumption; or, in other words, it is the largest contributor of greenhouse gas emissions. There is growing interest in resilience-based studies not only at the international scale, but also in Hungary. Nevertheless, there are only a few Hungarian studies with respect to urban adaptation and mitigation strategies, and moreover, to related issues such as reduction of climate exposure or urban vulnerability. The aim of this research paper is to analyse adaptation and mitigation actions in different development and management plans of Budapest, and to identify the main challenges and opportunities considering adaptation to climate change in order to Budapest will be able to become a climate-resilient city.
globally generated waste. Due to the concentration of the population, of economic activities, of consumption and emissions, cities play a crucial role in the abatement of the
negative effects of climate change. Consequently, adaptation and mitigation actions in urban areas are greatly important regarding the decrease of urban vulnerability and
fostering urban climate change resilience. Since approximately 20% of the Hungarian population lives in Budapest, moreover 40% of the Hungarian GDP is generated here, the capital city is the hub of consumption; or, in other words, it is the largest contributor of greenhouse gas emissions. There is growing interest in resilience-based studies not only at the international scale, but also in Hungary. Nevertheless, there are only a few Hungarian studies with respect to urban adaptation and mitigation strategies, and moreover, to related issues such as reduction of climate exposure or urban vulnerability. The aim of this research paper is to analyse adaptation and mitigation actions in different development and management plans of Budapest, and to identify the main challenges and opportunities considering adaptation to climate change in order to Budapest will be able to become a climate-resilient city.
A városi fenntarthatóság értékelése és az ehhez kapcsolódó módszertani kérdések a városkutatások egyik legfontosabb területei. Az indikátormódszer, valamint az összetett mutatók használata széles körben elterjedt a fenntartható fejlődés... more
A városi fenntarthatóság értékelése és az ehhez kapcsolódó módszertani kérdések a városkutatások egyik legfontosabb területei. Az indikátormódszer, valamint az összetett mutatók használata széles körben elterjedt a fenntartható fejlődés helyi értelmezéséhez, különösen igaz ez a városi területekre. A szakirodalomban különböző módszertanok látnak napvilágot a probléma kezelésére, amely metodikák között nincs egységes álláspont a probléma megoldását illetően. Jelen tanulmány fő célja, hogy összehasonlítson öt különböző módszertani megközelítést a városi fenntarthatóság értékelésére, valamint következtetéseket vonjon le az ismertetett módszerek előnyeinek és hátrányainak tükrében.
Urban sustainability and related assessment methods are one of the most important issues in urban studies recently. Indicator methods and composite indices are widely used tools to assess sustainable development at local scale, especially in urban areas. There are different methods to measure sustainable development in cities released in journals, moreover there is a lack of united stand about the used approaches. The main purpose of this paper is to compare five different assessment methodologies in connection with urban sustainability and draw conclusions by considering both advantages and disadvantages.
Urban sustainability and related assessment methods are one of the most important issues in urban studies recently. Indicator methods and composite indices are widely used tools to assess sustainable development at local scale, especially in urban areas. There are different methods to measure sustainable development in cities released in journals, moreover there is a lack of united stand about the used approaches. The main purpose of this paper is to compare five different assessment methodologies in connection with urban sustainability and draw conclusions by considering both advantages and disadvantages.
Transport systems are key elements of urban areas, therefore their sustainability has a pivotal role in achieving complex urban sustainability. Nowadays the assessment of urban sustainability is a hotspot in different scientific fields... more
Transport systems are key elements of urban areas, therefore
their sustainability has a pivotal role in achieving complex
urban sustainability. Nowadays the assessment of urban
sustainability is a hotspot in different scientific fields despite
of lack of comprehensive and widely accepted definitions of
both urban sustainability and sustainable transportation. The
use of divergent indicators for evaluating sustainable urban
transportation has been emerged as a core of urban studies.
The main aims of this paper is to analyze sets of sustainable
urban transport indicators developed in the scientific area
worldwide, to collect variables for assessing urban transport
sustainability in Hungary, finally to do recommendations in
order to be able to evaluate sustainability of transport systems
in Hungarian urban areas in a more effective manner
their sustainability has a pivotal role in achieving complex
urban sustainability. Nowadays the assessment of urban
sustainability is a hotspot in different scientific fields despite
of lack of comprehensive and widely accepted definitions of
both urban sustainability and sustainable transportation. The
use of divergent indicators for evaluating sustainable urban
transportation has been emerged as a core of urban studies.
The main aims of this paper is to analyze sets of sustainable
urban transport indicators developed in the scientific area
worldwide, to collect variables for assessing urban transport
sustainability in Hungary, finally to do recommendations in
order to be able to evaluate sustainability of transport systems
in Hungarian urban areas in a more effective manner
Vulnerability of urban transport systems require actions for increasing adaptive capacity of them and for taking steps towards resilient and sustainable urban areas. Since transportation seems to be a largely mitigation-aimed area,... more
Vulnerability of urban transport systems require actions for
increasing adaptive capacity of them and for taking steps
towards resilient and sustainable urban areas. Since transportation seems to be a largely mitigation-aimed area, moreover there is an imbalance between mitigation and adaptation measures in this sector, this paper focusing on adaptation-oriented indicators regarding urban transportation. For this purpose, a widely used Balanced Scorecard model has been applied by involving anticipated climate impacts and by modifying the base model. The main aim of present study is to develop set of indicators for setting the ground for a future assessment of adaptive capacity of urban transportation sector in Hungarian cities.
increasing adaptive capacity of them and for taking steps
towards resilient and sustainable urban areas. Since transportation seems to be a largely mitigation-aimed area, moreover there is an imbalance between mitigation and adaptation measures in this sector, this paper focusing on adaptation-oriented indicators regarding urban transportation. For this purpose, a widely used Balanced Scorecard model has been applied by involving anticipated climate impacts and by modifying the base model. The main aim of present study is to develop set of indicators for setting the ground for a future assessment of adaptive capacity of urban transportation sector in Hungarian cities.
Adapting to climate change on local level is crucial in terms of making our settlements more resilient and less vulnerable regarding anticipated weather extremes. Nowadays there is a lack of Hungarian studies with respect to local... more
Adapting to climate change on local level is crucial in terms of making our settlements more resilient and less vulnerable regarding anticipated weather extremes. Nowadays there is a lack of Hungarian studies with respect to local adaptation strategies moreover related issues such as reduction of climate exposure or vulnerability. However the Alliance of Climate-Friendly Settlements provides membership to municipalities that have climate plans therefore collected adaptation strategies can be studied. Consequently main barriers, opportunities, similarities and differences regarding climate-oriented actions can be examined, moreover recommendations can be taken in order to improve the efficiency of the selected and future local climate plans. The aim of this paper is to analyse applied indicators collected from local adaptation plans, moreover to compare related sectors and methodologies used in different strategies. Since the lack of data is a frequently mentioned barrier in developing plans, recommendations concerning potential variables and sources of them can help to identify key intervention and focus points in the future. Such an analysis shall contribute to launch cooperation between local decision makers and other relevant actors, therefore it is crucial regarding stakeholder involvement what is one of the main success factors in developing local adaptation strategies.
Main streets play pivotal role in urban areas in terms of economic, social, moreover environmental contexts. Such streets are generally situated in densely built-up areas, where the adverse effects of climate change, such as rising... more
Main streets play pivotal role in urban areas in terms of economic, social, moreover environmental contexts. Such streets are generally situated in densely built-up areas, where the adverse effects of climate change, such as rising temperature and changing precipitation patterns occur emphatically. Increasing urban heat island effect or extreme amount of runoff water during severe storms and floods significantly decrease the adaptive capacity of a city, consequently its residents becoming more vulnerable. Therefore involving climate-oriented design principles into planning and construction phase contributes to reach more sustainable and climate-friendly open spaces what are strongly relevant especially in main streets which are designed for a great amount of people. Present study provides a criteria matrix for assessing the climate-friendly level of recently renewed main streets in Budapest. Due to this assessment tool the adaptation and mitigation performance of the selected projects can be evaluated. For identifying strengths and weaknesses of a given project, a rating scheme has been applied by selecting and using 42 indicators grouped into mitigation, adaptation and awareness raising categories. Thus planners, decision-makers and other stakeholders can easily define future opportunities and challenges, accordingly this study may contribute to take urban street design practices toward climate-friendliness by paying more attention on changing local weather patterns and related consequences.
Budapest, the capital of Hungary facing several climatic challenges in the next decades, therefore there is a need of sustainable development projects with strong emphasis on the projected impacts of climate change. The main aim of the... more
Budapest, the capital of Hungary facing several climatic challenges in the next decades, therefore there is a need of sustainable development projects with strong emphasis on the projected impacts of climate change. The main aim of the paper is to evaluate an ex-ante assessment methodology to analyse existence or absence of sustainability principles in renewal projects. The selected works have a focus on the same challenge, namely building an intermodal passenger transport hub and renewing the surrounding area in the district IV. of Budapest. The renewal plans have been developed by students from different Hungarian universities during a three-day-workshop. However the main focus of the workshop was on tackling the transport-based challenges, most of the elaborated plans have strong emphasis on green and blue areas, communities, building and related sustainability issues. The jury of the competition included mainly transportation engineers, real estate developers and civil engineers, therefore there is a need of involving broader sustainability and climate-related aspects into the assessment process. The output of the paper shall reveal the differences between developer-oriented ranking and the climate-related one regarding the same urban renewal challenge.
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